Illustration Photo: Masdar City's driverless car. Abu Dhabi, UAE. (credits: gordontour / Flickr Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0))

Illustration Photo: Masdar City's driverless car. Abu Dhabi, UAE. (credits: gordontour / Flickr Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0))

About 97% of the earth’s water is saline water that is present in oceans and the remaining 3% is fresh water present in rivers, lakes and groundwater [1]. The fact that the sustainability of mankind depends on the existence and use of water puts a huge demand on the water from oceans that is considered an inexhaustible source.