Photo: Sino-Finnish Congress Centre in Nanjing, China (credit: PES Architects)

Photo: Sino-Finnish Congress Centre in Nanjing, China (credit: PES Architects)

Illustration Photo: Compost bin (CC0 Creative Commons from Pixabay.com)

Illustration Photo: Compost bin (CC0 Creative Commons from Pixabay.com)

Illustration Photo: Cherry blossom, Tokyo, Japan (CC0 Creative Commons from Pixabay.com)

Illustration Photo: Cherry blossom, Tokyo, Japan (CC0 Creative Commons from Pixabay.com)

Picture: Global Startup Challenge themes (credit: Movin'On)

Picture: Global Startup Challenge themes (credit: Movin'On)

Illustration Photo: Brazilian company BB Grupo offers products molded from recycled plastic blended with coconut husks discarded from the food industry, waste wood shavings from the furniture industry, and upcycled plastics from the interiors of Tetra Pak packaging. (credits: Inhabitat / Flickr Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0))

Illustration Photo: Brazilian company BB Grupo offers products molded from recycled plastic blended with coconut husks discarded from the food industry, waste wood shavings from the furniture industry, and upcycled plastics from the interiors of Tetra Pak packaging. (credits: Inhabitat / Flickr Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0))

Illustration Photo: Straw (CC0 Creative Commons from Pixabay.com)

Illustration Photo: Straw (CC0 Creative Commons from Pixabay.com)

Illustration Photo: SABIC wins two European Plastics Innovation Awards (credits: PressReleaseFinder https://www.pressreleasefinder.com/SABIC/SABICPR304/en/ / Flickr Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0))

Illustration Photo: SABIC wins two European Plastics Innovation Awards (credits: PressReleaseFinder https://www.pressreleasefinder.com/SABIC/SABICPR304/en/ / Flickr Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0))

Illustration Photo: Barcelona from Sentinel-2A. Copyright Copernicus Sentinel data (2015) /ESA

Illustration Photo: Barcelona from Sentinel-2A. Copyright Copernicus Sentinel data (2015) /ESA

Illustration Photo: The waste litter from poultry production is one area that has been identified for potential benefit from the development of a novel anaerobic digestion system (CC0 Creative Commons from Pixabay.com)

Illustration Photo: The waste litter from poultry production is one area that has been identified for potential benefit from the development of a novel anaerobic digestion system (CC0 Creative Commons from Pixabay.com)

Illustration Photo: Recycling of monitors (credits: PA Resources Council / Flickr Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0))

Illustration Photo: Recycling of monitors (credits: PA Resources Council / Flickr Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0))

Illustration Photo: Total manufactured polystyrene containing post-consumer recycled polystyrene (credits: PressReleaseFinder / Flickr Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0))

Illustration Photo: Total manufactured polystyrene containing post-consumer recycled polystyrene (credits: PressReleaseFinder / Flickr Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0))

Illustration Photo: Agricultural robot in a maize field (credits: PETROSS, TERRA-MEPP & WEST / Flickr Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0))

Illustration Photo: Agricultural robot in a maize field (credits: PETROSS, TERRA-MEPP & WEST / Flickr Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0))

Illustration Photo: VTT develops biocomposites, foam-forming and high bulk fibre product technologies. Biomaterials technologies will fit many applications that we cannot foresee today. (credits: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd / Flickr Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0))

Illustration Photo: VTT develops biocomposites, foam-forming and high bulk fibre product technologies. Biomaterials technologies will fit many applications that we cannot foresee today. (credits: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd / Flickr Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0))

Illustration Photo: Electronic Waste (Public Domain from Pixabay.com)

Illustration Photo: Electronic Waste (Public Domain from Pixabay.com)

Photo: Horizon 2020, the EU's research and innovation funding programme, supports scientific excellence in Europe (credit: The European Commission)

Photo: Horizon 2020, the EU's research and innovation funding programme, supports scientific excellence in Europe (credit: The European Commission)

Illustration Photo: dairy farm (Public Domain from Pixabay.com)

Illustration Photo: dairy farm (Public Domain from Pixabay.com)

Illustration Photo: Windmills of Western Cape, South Africa (credits: jbdodane / Flickr Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC 2.0))

Illustration Photo: Windmills of Western Cape, South Africa (credits: jbdodane / Flickr Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC 2.0))

Illustration Photo: Solar waste recycling industry starts up. Clean-tech firms seek to reuse a variety of rare, potentially toxic materials. New businesses emerge as manufacturers prepare for modules’ end of life. (credits: Bšhme Frauenstein / Detlev MŸller / Spot Us / Flickr Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic (CC BY-SA 2.0))

Illustration Photo: Solar waste recycling industry starts up. Clean-tech firms seek to reuse a variety of rare, potentially toxic materials. New businesses emerge as manufacturers prepare for modules’ end of life. (credits: Bšhme Frauenstein / Detlev MŸller / Spot Us / Flickr Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic (CC BY-SA 2.0))

Illustration Photo: Haverhill Resource Recovery Facility, processing 1,650 tons-per-day of solid waste, generating about 40 megawatts of renewable energy sold wholesale on New England's power grid (credits: Ari Herzog / Flickr Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC 2.0))

Illustration Photo: Haverhill Resource Recovery Facility, processing 1,650 tons-per-day of solid waste, generating about 40 megawatts of renewable energy sold wholesale on New England's power grid (credits: Ari Herzog / Flickr Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC 2.0))

Circular economy product and business model strategy framework (Credits: Nancy M. P. Bocken, Ingrid de Pauw, Conny Bakker and Bram van der Grinten)